Maximum reinforcement ratio is limited to 4% of gross cross-section, but typical is 1–2%. Ensure ( x \leq 0.5d ) to prevent brittle failure (Clause 5.3.2.3). Shear capacity ( V_c ) of concrete alone is given by an empirical formula based on ( \frac100A_sb_v d ) and concrete grade. If ( V_Ed > V_c ), provide minimum shear links (typically 8mm or 10mm bars at 300mm centres). For high shear, use equation 27 in Part 4. Step 4: Crack Control (Clause 5.8) BS 5400 is stricter than building codes: maximum design crack width = 0.25 mm for severe exposure, 0.2 mm for water-retaining structures (clause 5.8.8.2). This is achieved by limiting steel stress and/or bar spacing.
The final consolidated version was BS 5400-4:1990 + Amendments 1, 2, and 3. The 2000 reprint (with amendments incorporated) is the definitive edition. Look for ISBN 0 580 27922 8 . concrete bridge design to bs 5400 pdf
Slab depth ( h = 600 ) mm, effective depth ( d = 540 ) mm, ( b = 1000 ) mm, ( f_cu = 40 ) N/mm², ( A_s = 1960 ) mm²/m (5T25 @ 200mm c/c). Shear force ( V_Ed = 350 ) kN/m at support. Maximum reinforcement ratio is limited to 4% of